Search This Blog

Sunday, July 22, 2012

Utmost commitment and integrity of one’s profession

Academic excellence is indispensable to a quality of education nowadays. Teacher in any public and private school should equip with a caliber of intelligence and a vast repertoire of experiences. Thus, he is an agent for change, and education lies in his capability to develop things into perspectives. In general, the teacher should be a model of everything.

Quality of education is very important not only of the students, but also of the teachers. In order to upgrade the standard of the learning institution, see to it that the teacher-applicants must pass the criteria for teacher’s board eligibility issued by the PRC, in support of CHED through Department of Education for approval. It’s hard to find dedicated teachers at present with the utmost commitment and integrity of their professions. 

That’s why the school must accept commentaries to whoever writers put them on a little bit ambiguity. The purpose is not to degrade or defame the school, but to put it on a high pedestal by checking irregularities through constructive criticisms.

Integrity of the professions, as well as disciplines that will provide quality of education for the nation is consequently the fundamental mileage geared towards deregulation and reorientation of programs for teaching competencies. Integrity sustains professional upgrading or development not only of the professionals but also of the teachers through revitalization of existing school-based and structured-learning action cells. 

Entry to the teaching profession shall commence with a teacher profile program. A career progression scheme for teachers, administrators and specialists shall be developed. Relatively, this is the denouement of disciplines paving the way for academic excellence.

So, with many challenges that confront our country, let’s move forward in unity and strive for the improvement on the quality of education and for the realization of vision of the Philippines which means that education will not have only achieved that quality long-sought for and desired by everyone but most importantly, education by then will be globally competitive. Teachers are the implementers of the system. We should be proud of our teachers. Our future lies in them.

Learning French Language as a subject in the classroom!


What makes the language functional among the high school students is the trendy way of terminologies and pronunciation of words, including the parts of speech which are almost the same as English language, but they are far different from the actual pronunciation and style. Let’s hearken unto words or diverse statements of teenagers from all walks of life who share with us what they have experienced or learned about the language. The interviewees are the high school students who were given the chance to write something about French, and their articles were picked out at random just to share with us about “Learning French Language” as a subject in the classroom!

What Emnace says…
Bonjour! French language is the second universal language in the world. As for me, learning French language is very interesting and awesome. The reason is that everyone is given the chance to learn and discover the importance of French language in the Philippines. And now, it is our great advantage; thus we have the opportunity to learn French. I am very grateful and honored to be part of French class and the privilege given to me to study said language.

What Reroma says…
French language is very important because it helps in promoting world understanding. Through it, we can communicate well with other people from other countries. Honestly, it is difficult to learn at first because it is not familiar to me. Even though it is the 2nd language used by the people around the world which is still hard to cope with. It is a pleasure to learn this language. I love French as the second language aside from English, that’s why I’m trying my best to learn this language. Though, it is a bit hard to learn, I’ll pursue myself to comprehend. I was also thankful that we were taught this French language. Our credits to our professor for his big effort. I hope I can learn more.

What Nacar says...
Learning French is awesome! We have already learned French alphabet. It has similarities and differences to the English alphabet. Next is about the number in French language as it gives me a lot of insights that can be used all throughout my life. French language is not as hard as what everybody has imagined. It is a language full of wonders for me and I am lucky to have cognizance of learning French language! French songs are magnificent. Learning the song “sous une ploi detoiles” gives me another learning. French songs are from the heart. These perspectives show what the heart truly says. Our teacher gives the English translations and my French vocabulary enhances. We are lucky to have our French teacher. I hope I can learn a lot more from him.

What Ang says…
French language was introduced to us about 2 years ago. At first, we learned the basics like alphabet, numbers and common expressions. When we were in 3rd year level, we have engaged already in conversational French which was at first a hassle time for us. We did not appreciate the great opportunity to learn such a prestigious language. We took the language for granted. Now that we are in a step-by-step basis in learning the language, we realized that it is a fun language to learn, most especially that our teacher is really understanding and fun to deal with. I am looking forward to really learning on how to speak French fluently in a conversational manner—hopefully soon enough. I can now translate a few sentences based on word for word analysis which sets out a great feeling of achievement because learning this language was never in my wildest thoughts. We have memorized the nice songs in French language which we find so amazing because now, not only French expressions we can talk of but also the song we can sing. Hopefully, by college, we can continue to learn French in our foreign language subject and I shall say we are truly grateful to have the opportunity laid before us to learn this fun, prestigious and amazing language. The pain is worth the gain in learning this language.

What Aro says…
We started learning French when we were in our 2nd year level. I started to love French language because it interests me so much. There are many words and phrases that are so difficult to pronounce. I studied hard and made my savvy broaden as I continued focusing on the language. I know how to pronounce many words and phrases because our French teacher was so knowledgeable about it. He taught us some hints on how to pronounce with his oral recitation given to us. I want to learn more about the French language because this is the only language that I learned in our school. In our French subject, our French teacher taught us many French topics. I learned from him such as the tableau de conjugaison, conversation in French language and many more. I also learned on how to pronounce French words properly by the use of an oral recitation. Despite the fact that French language is so difficult to understand and learn, I still pursue said language in learning and communicating with people from other foreign countries. Someday I want to communicate through French because it interests me. French makes me happy because I love the subject and language.

What CaƱedo says…
French is the second universal language next to English. As I have observed almost everybody is eager to learn French language, that’s why I find myself very lucky because I can learn it for free. I’ve learned French since second year and I enjoyed it a lot onwards as it continues my learning in third year. I find French language difficult to learn but if you are just interested and are eager to learn, difficulty of such a language won’t matter. I also enjoyed participating in French activities, especially when we were in third year before. We went to the city and met some French officials at Alliance Francaise de Cebu and in the French Embassy. We won the first price. It was a great privilege to be there and met some students from other school. As for now, I have learned a lot of things in French… and not just leaned on but also enjoyed learning it. I knew through this language I could travel the world—and that is one of my dreams. I knew I can use this language in the near future. I also like the way our teacher teaches. Overall, it’s amazing! That’s why I’m proud to learn French language, but English is the best for me.

What Largo says…
When they say there will be a French subject in 2nd year, I am so excited to learn another foreign language. I am happy that I will be having 4 languages: the Visayan, Filipino, English and French. I am so proud that we have French because I am bragging it to my family and friends. I am hoping that I will be working someday in France or French colonized countries. French is one of the most spoken languages in the world. I am proud that I am learning French. I really love French. I find French very interesting. That’s why I am always present every Saturday for French class. And I am thankful to our French teacher for the hard work. He is really great in teaching said language. And because he is good, that’s why I love French.

What CastaƱares says…
Honestly, I really love French because it is very interesting. When they said that we will have a French class every Saturday I am very happy. I want to learn more about this subject. I want to learn on how to speak French fluently. I want to learn those French words that we can use every day in our activities. And so, when we have started our French class in our school, I felt very happy about the good news. It is because of a great advantage to the students both in 3rd year and 4th year levels. Learning the language is something that I can be proud of. I must say thank you to the French professor because he did his very best in teaching us French subject. I am honored that I am one of his students in French. Having learned French language is really a great privilege. Now, I know how to speak French, and I know how to greet people with those French words. And now, before I graduate by the end of school year, I have something that I can be proud of, it’s the French language. Thank you French!

Friday, May 25, 2012

Educational terms and phrases in UbD

High School students are required to research on the internet for the glossary of terms, write term papers or assigned topics to develop at the end of every quarter. These tasks are not at all difficult to accomplish if one has a full comprehension of what really the glossary of terms and phrases to use, where information can be acquired and how learning materials may be interpreted. Explicit and implicit meanings are indicators of word sources of data used in research. The researcher must know how to use glossary of terms either in surfing over the internet or printed materials. Here are the important 25 global educational terms and phrases with the content standard insertion using understanding by design (UbD) approach.
Content standard is one of the contents of understanding by design (UbD) that utilizes the ability of each learner to demonstrate comprehension of the interconnection among the fundamental or basic features and elements of drama, including the distinctive features, aesthetic elements and underlying objectives of varied types of global narratives, poetry, essay using the most appropriate language forms and functions that help the audience gain insights about the kind of world the people or characters inhabit.
Research procedures of macro-skills refer to the efficacy and interventions of teaching-learning process between the respondents and teacher wherein all instructions are specifically used as interventions of the study by the researcher based on the teaching-learning performance.
Oral quizzing points out to giving the grades of students during daily and graded recitations.
Objective examination is a kind of exam which is objective in nature and which is significant in the sense that when two or more persons scoring the same examination paper apart from one another will acquire the same test results.
Eclectic motivation gives emphasis to the importance of strategies in teaching wherein the teacher should not be utilizing one technique of motivation at a time and he must be utilizing as many strategies or techniques as possible at any given time.
Cognitive learning stresses out verbal and ideational learning which is also the acquisition of savvy, facts and information, concepts, comprehension, rationalization and the like.
Teaching the essence of education to students educates the values in the real sense that the learners with different backgrounds and personalities have one goal, one mission and one vision, and it imparts knowledge to them as students regardless of age, gender and race.
Language skills’ acquisition requires the mastery of a learner in terms of educational system that takes literally years to learn; in addition, it requires on the part of the teacher skill in noting the difficulties of the learners in both oral and written English, presuming that the students have mastered the listening skill while still in their elementary years.
Language facility raises student’s intelligence as measured by intelligence tests; and for this reason, the language facility in speaking and in writing is a must for the educator who has to find ways to teach all his students properly because if the students are taught properly, the latter can learn skills and concepts necessary to function in modern society.
Classroom management is concerned with the effective teaching and safety of every learner inside and outside of the classroom, including the administration of activities with special reference to diverse problems in educational settings; in addition, it is composed of the six educational elements such as discipline, democratic techniques, use of supplies and reference materials, physical features of the classroom, general housekeeping and social relationship of students.
Language learning is indispensable on the part of learners who undergo rigid studies of the language, but teaching involves much more than the savvy of methods and other significant learning approaches in acquiring a particular language.
Decision making is regarded as an outcome of mental processes leading to the selection of a course of action among several choices with different points of view, thus fulfilling every decision making that produces a final result in the educational learning process.
Multiple intelligences model is one of the contributory factors in panning out through a variety of learning style models that have been proposed in general education with follow-up inquiry by language educators in order to enhance, dredge up and discover the potentialities and capabilities of every learner in the classroom.
English for special purposes is one the desirable goals to strive in language teaching and in general communicative competence; besides, language teaching has a definite purpose, and the teachers themselves teach only the requisite for a particular purpose, be it an occupation or business English, or a domain which is English for Science and Technology.
Secondary freshmen are student-entrants of any learning institution to ameliorate learning based on the structured lessons, and they differ mentally according to the departmentalized lessons, advanced lessons presented, and general performance leading to their intellectual aspects of learning.
Students with their macro-skills may refer to the general aspect to grasp at the innovative teaching-learning approaches shared to them not only by the teachers but also by the freshmen in terms of the five (5) areas of English language teaching, namely, listening, speaking, reading, writing and viewing as sequenced in the lessons.
Replication is a kind of answer coming from the students who would like to share their notions about the topics given by the teacher and carry out the tasks with direct way of replicating the questions based on what has been transpired in the lessons.
Classroom operations’ management may refer to the entire control and operation of all classroom activities done by both the teachers and students.
Drill indicates a special activity in the classroom which has intended solely for the teacher’s objective or goal in strengthening the connections and bonds of a certain skill possessed by every student or person. It is one of the techniques done by the teacher in carrying out the task. Drill is one of the most widely utilized procedures in teaching.
Attention refers to the attitude of readiness for action to be performed by both the teacher and students in the classroom; in addition, it gives emphasis to the importance of a mental act or concentration of the mind’s energy on an object or thought wherein the participants are directly involved and they are ready to perform or answer the questions with ease and freedom.
Goals may refer to the aims of effective education, and these may also be either general or specific, or may be either philosophical or psychological.
Group activity is a school activity carried on cooperatively by a group of learners per subject, and it may perform or carry out usually in constitution, dramatization, projects, essays, declamations, speech choir, and so forth.
Teaching is the process of imparting knowledge or savvy to students regardless of age, gender and race; in addition to teaching, it is the process of directing, guiding, encouraging and stimulating learning activities in the classroom wherein the students and subject teacher will exchange ideas thoroughly  of a certain topic that is being taught for a day-lesson-plan-teaching.
Word perception involves sensation with the eyes that intermediately catch sight of the printed symbols and with the aid of light rays that categorically strike the retina and other parts of the eyes that move in a swift and well-coordinated manner, jumping from term to term or word to word in a series of reading fixation.
Literal comprehension refers clearly to the understanding of facts or ideas extracted from the explicit or stated information given in the text or the answer itself comes directly from a textbook with fixed meaning.

Friday, May 18, 2012

The output can be an action, as well as an opinion of your choice

Life is a matter of an ultimate choice. Decide what you think is right and be courageous to defend what you feel is the indispensable thing to do. In spite of many sufferings, mistakes and faults, God is always there wherever we go and whatever we do because He wants us to be happy. Choosing your own path depends on you and always bear in mind that life is never selfish, it is just a twist of waters all over.

The image is nothing without proper decorum and approach in implementing the so-called "planet of your own" which is highly advantageous on the part of a person who prefers to live in a peaceful life. Who am I? It is the same as you who have been created by God in His likeness and image. Whatever you do in this life symbolically entails in decision-making. How can this affect your life and your image? Well, the final replication lies in you. To get a good image leads also to a good output in life and the outputs chosen by us lead to the possibilities in order to pan out in our daily endeavors. 

By the way, let me ask you: "What are the possibilities to have a good decision-making?" Don't you know that decision-making can be regarded as an outcome of mental processes leading to the selection of a course of action among several alternatives? Every decision making process produces a final choice in order to resort to a peaceful life. 

The output can be an action, as well as an opinion of your choice. Being purposeful to the selection from among the alternatives in light of a given objective takes center stage that further serves as a replica between you and me. Decision-making is not a separate function of the internal management. It lies also outside the management of your choice. In fact, decision-making is intertwined with the other functions, such as planning, coordinating and controlling. All of these things encompass life in this planet--whatever you do and wherever you go, everything is dependent upon God. 

Life is like a planet where each of us ensues diversely with its unique image. Why planet? I choose planet because it gives emphasis to the importance of life, despite stumbling blocks that everyone has encountered. Don't you know that a planet reflects on one's life from day-to-day living? You bet it is! A planet resembles us and, according to Wikipedia, it is a celestial body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighboring region of planetesimals.

Besides, the celestial body orbiting a star gives value to life, and only life that God has created with His likeness and image--leading to a human being who makes a decision-making towards his work and excellence. Yes, it is an image that brings about life an ultimate twist of waters all over. 

Why planet and why image? An image is life and life is like a twist of waters all over. Sometimes it attacks you but, sometimes, it defends you. We surrender but we always fight. Whether we like it or not, life is a matter of an ultimate choice. A choice which leaves a mark in each obstacle and which makes us answer in this uniquely imaged question: Who are we? As the saying goes, "We are all born ignorant and unknown to what is going on next. We keep focusing on what we want and keep being distracted in a natural way. We want to reach for the star but we always blame ourselves for missing its target. In reality, life is really difficult to get hold and for everybody to maneuver if he lacks wisdom to decide upon. A problem is like a complicated Math equation that needs solutions to find its answer. 

The hardest part of being alive is deciding your fate. Sometimes there is a chapter in your life wherein you are stuck in a dilemma--where you can choose from or decide on two better things for the best of everyone. There is also a part in your life where you are imaginatively imprisoned in the past and you have to decide to let it go and start all over again. 

People commit mistakes and wrong decisions; however, God reaches out to those who are in need of help. He accepts and lays his palm open to everyone just to give each of us an opportunity to move on. You should be somebody to accept defeat. An image about your personality which is found outwardly and inwardly within you is a reflection of which really you are through your own deeds in life and your actions that are humane and just--the chance to correct all the wrongdoings for the betterment of life. God grants us all the chances to aim for excellence, to change our ways and to blot out, as well as cleanse ourselves from the inequities. 

Everyone deserves a break in order to be successful. However, most people are indecisive. People don't tend to look outside the box to solve a problem, and that is why they always fail. Consequently, the truth is that failure is the way towards correcting one’s mistakes and being successful in the end. Everybody fails inevitably and that is normal. When you lose, you set out learning to be more mature and wise. When you are down it doesn't mean you are always down forever. Life can turn you to another pace. It depends on the person on how he steers his own vehicle towards right direction. 

You have to decide for yourselves. What you want, what we want, what they want and what you will be in the future. In your hands lie your destiny and freedom to do what you think is indispensable for everyone. Life is like an image where you can see within yourselves the positive outlooks in life and what you really want to be. However, deciding to carry out the task can take a risk. It needs strength and faith. It takes a lot of courage to decide not only for you but for everyone in the planet. Sometimes you have to sacrifice to make other people happy. People's truthful decisions are the veritable images of God's commandments. 

They are unique because you want them and also attempt to accept them into your life even though it is hard for you to adapt. Some have decided to live in a peaceful and progressive life. Some have tended to be victorious at all times and grasp at all the successes and riches while others just choose to wait and allow themselves to go with the flow of the human norms of living. Jesus Christ has decided to be like us--suffering from mockery and indignation from  human beings, deciding not to be a powerful and rich king and being a simple and wise man even if He is the son of God. 

To the people in this planet, the image is that, sometimes, we want to go back and change the past but doing that is an impossible thing to take place. Instead of going back, pursue what you aim for. Keep moving forward because life hides pleasant surprises. Life can be so messy in the sense of how one spends it. Choosing your own way doesn't mean you can do it yourself. Deciding painstakingly takes pressure and bravery; however, it helps everyone become unique in God's image. Solving a problem can help a burden subside and vanish into thin air. 

The worn image leads to failure. You could have found a better solution when you are helped by your friends and family. Everybody commits faults and failures. Mistakes are there to catch you, to test you to be yourself and to realize what you have done to correct it. Decisions are building blocks to be on top at all times despite imperfections. You might have moved on a wrong turn but life acts like a map because it always leads you into something better. Choosing the right decisions don't always mean that they are always right. Perhaps, the decisions can have different puzzles and mysteries that is why they called other images of man to follow. No matter what happens, live life to the fullest! Be true to yourself. 

Decide what you think is right and be courageous to defend what you feel is the indispensable thing to do. In spite of many sufferings, mistakes and faults, God is always there wherever we go and whatever we do because He wants us to be happy. Choosing your own path depends on you and always bear in mind that life is never selfish, it is just a twist of waters all over. To reiterate, an image is life and life is like a twist of waters all over. 

At times, it attacks you. At other times, it defends you. We surrender but we always fight. Life is a matter of an ultimate choice. And that is a unique image that resembles our planet created by the Omnipotent Being, our God! 




























Saturday, May 12, 2012

Results and Findings of the Study: How to Present, Analyze and Interpret Scientific Data

The results and findings of the study obtained from the freshmen students as the written outputs were provided with the assessment and feedback as the outcome of the course of study. Likewise, the data were presented, analyzed and interpreted to gain better insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the teaching and learning performance in English among the freshmen students.

This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of the gathered data that ultimately answer the inquiries sought in the study. The presentation is divided into five parts: Part I gives the data on the level of language proficiency of the freshmen science high school students with reference to pronunciation and correct usage. Part II delineates the results of the mean pretest and post test scores of the students based on the structured lessons of macro-skills’ learning performance. Part III shows whether there is a significant difference in the mean pretest and posttest scores of the students in listening, speaking, reading and writing. Part IV shows the overall results of the mean (pretest and posttest) gain scores in the aforementioned areas of language teaching. Part V entails module which can be proposed based on the findings of the study. Also in this part is the intended course of action administered by the researcher to the students, particularly in the public school – a short course of study within the limited or interval time of instruction that forms part of a larger academic course or training program given to seventy-five (75) students in two selected classes as first year students of a Science High School. 

        The results and findings of the study obtained from the freshmen students as the written outputs were provided with the assessment and feedback as the outcome of the course of study. Likewise, the data were presented, analyzed and interpreted to gain better insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the teaching and learning performance in English among the freshmen students.

        The effectiveness of structured macro-skills’ development lessons in English hinges on the four (4) areas of language teaching such as listening, speaking, reading and writing. It contains language proficiency indices: accuracy, appropriateness, correct usage, inflection, pronunciation, oral and written English. Each of these items was treated in part as a test. The data gathered were grouped accordingly based on the four (4) main areas as the macro-skills of English language teaching. The data presented were shown the frequency or number as found in the corresponding tables. The pronunciation and correct usage levels of language proficiency of the freshmen science high school students were also shown and treated separately below:

Reference to Pronunciation and Correct Usage 

          Table 1 shows the level of language proficiency of the freshmen students. The mean of 75 students with reference to pronunciation was 81.9333 and was rated Very Good while the mean of 75 students with reference to correct usage was 77.5867 and was rated Good.

         These high ratings of the freshmen students as a public school could be attributed to the fact that they focused more on their studies and had more chances of studying their lessons not only in school but also at home. They had enough supplemental books as references; thus, they owned them and had more time to research and study the lessons given to them by the subject teacher concerned.

Students of the aforementioned school, based on this study, were more competent because they had high motivation to beaver away their studies. This supports the idea of Aquino (1989) that the high degree of motivation is a contributing factor to a high competence in learning academic and non-academic subjects.
Besides, the notion is supported by Aristotle that constant study and practice both in school and at home result in excellence which is an art won by training and habituation. Teachers and students do not act rightly because they have virtue or excellence, but they rather have those because they have acted rightly. They are what they repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act but a habit. It is the mark of an instructed mind to rest satisfied with the degree of precision which the nature of the subject admits and not to seek exactness when only an approximation of the truth is possible.

Table 1

Level of Language Proficiency of the Freshmen Science High School Students with Reference to Pronunciation and Correct Usage 

Categories
Mean
Level of Language Proficiency
Pronunciation
81.9333
Very Good
Correct Usage
77.5867
Good

Legend:
        90 and above                     Excellent
        80-89                                Very Good
        70-79                                Good
        60-69                                Fair
        50-59                                Poor

Mean Pretest and Posttest, Standard Deviation and Error Mean of the Freshmen Students

         Table 2 shows the paired samples’ statistics of the mean pretest and posttest of the macro-skills in language teaching, standard deviation and standard error mean using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 14, a computer program used for statistical analysis.

         It also shows the relevance with regard to the freshmen students who took the pretest and posttest scores. It can be gleaned from table 2 that the posttest mean of the group in the listening area which is 83.1067 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 75.5333. In the standard deviation, the result of pretest is 10.95980 while the result of posttest is 6.07959. Unlike the standard error mean, the result of pretest is 1.26553 while the result of posttest is .70201; the posttest mean of the group in the speaking area which is 87.1200 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 80.5467. In the standard deviation, the result of pretest is 4.92455 while the result of posttest is 3.42471. Unlike the standard error mean, the result of pretest is .56864 while the result of posttest is .39545; the posttest mean of the group in the reading area which is 86.7333 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 84.4133. In the standard deviation, the result of pretest is 3.28425 while the result of posttest is 3.17649. Unlike the standard error mean, the result of pretest is .37923 while the result of posttest is .36679; the posttest mean of the group in the writing area which is 85.4400 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 76.3333. In the standard deviation, the result of pretest is 6.26732 while the result of posttest is 5.29467. Unlike the standard error mean, the result of pretest is .72369 while the result of posttest is .61138. 

        It shows further that the posttest score in the speaking area got 1st rank which is 87.1200 while the pretest is 80.5467 of which the difference is 6.5733; the posttest score in the reading area got 2nd rank which is 86.7333 while the pretest is 84.4133 of which the difference is 2.3200; the posttest
score in the writing area got 3rd rank which is 85.4400 while the pretest is 76.3333 of which the difference is 9.1067.  

Table 2

       Mean Pretest and Mean Posttest

MACRO-SKILLS
MEAN
STANDARD DEVIATION
STD. ERROR MEAN

Areas
Pretest
Posttest
Pretest
Posttest
Pretest
Posttest
Listening
75.5333
83.1067
10.95980
6.07959
1.26553
.70201
Speaking
80.5467
87.1200
4.92455
3.42471
.56864
.39545
Reading
84.4133
86.7333
3.28425
3.17649
.37923
.36679
Writing
76.3333
85.4400
6.26732
5.29467
.72369
.61138

Paired Samples’ Test/Paired Differences of the Macro-Skills by the Freshmen Students  

          To find out if there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest mean scores of the students exposed to the areas such as listening, speaking, reading and writing, the difference between these two means was subjected to a paired t-test.

           It was gleaned from table 3 that the mean of students in the listening area was -7.57333, standard deviation was 10.63291, standard error mean was 1.22778, 95% confidence interval of the difference (lower limit) was -10.0974 and the difference (upper limit) was -5.12692, the c.v. result was -6.168 is greater than the t.v. result which was -10.01974. Therefore, the macro-skill in the listening area was not significant.

          The mean of students in the speaking area was -6.57333, standard deviation was 5.31742, standard error mean was .61400, 95% confidence interval of the difference (lower limit) was -7.79676 and the difference (upper limit) was -5.34991, the c.v. result was -10.706 is lesser than the t.v. result which was -7.79676. Therefore, the macro-skill in the speaking area was significant.

          The mean of students in the reading area was -2.32000, standard deviation was 2.98265, standard error mean was .34441, 95% confidence interval of the difference (lower limit) was -3.00625 and the difference (upper limit) was -1.63375, the c.v. result was -6.736 is lesser than the t.v. result which was -3.00625. Therefore, the macro-skill in the reading area was significant.

          The mean of students in the writing area was -9.10667, standard deviation was 7.38621, standard error mean was .85289, 95% confidence interval of the difference (lower limit) was -10.80608 and the difference (upper limit) was -7.40726, the c.v. result was -10.677 is greater than the t.v. result which was -10.80608. Therefore, the macro-skill in the writing area was not significant.

Mean Gain of the Pretest and Posttest Scores of Freshmen Students

       The mean gain test scores of singled-out freshmen students as found in Table 4 of the macro-skills such as listening, speaking, reading and writing as structured in the lessons were used as a result in statistical analysis and computation of the mean pretest and mean posttest. It was disclosed upon interpretation of data that the mean gain in the listening area was obtained as the result of the subtraction of number from the mean pretest which was 75.5333 from the mean posttest which was 83.1067. The findings revealed that only the areas in speaking and reading got the highest posttest percentages of them all. In the writing area, the mean gain was obtained as the result of the subtraction from the pretest which was 76.3333 from the mean posttest which was 85.4400.

        To find out and to have the final results: in the listening area, the mean posttest was 83.1067 while the mean gain was -7.57333 which had the lowest mean pretest and posttest percentages as compared to the other areas; in the speaking area, the mean posttest was 87.1200 while the mean gain was -6.57333 which got the 1st rank posttest percentage; in the reading area, the mean gain was -2.32000 which got the 2nd rank posttest percentage and also got 1st rank pretest percentage among them; and in the writing area, the mean gain was -9.10667 which got 3rd rank posttest percentage, next to the speaking and reading areas. 

       Thus, as shown in table 4, it can be gleaned further that the posttest mean of the group in the listening area which is 83.1067 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 75.5333; the posttest mean of the group in the speaking area which is 87.1200 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 80.5467; the posttest mean of the group in the reading area which is 86.7333 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 84.4133; and the posttest mean of the group in the writing area which is 85.4400 is higher than the pretest mean of the group which is 76.3333.

Table 4

Mean Gain Posttest Scores of the Students

MACRO-SKILLS
MEAN
MEAN GAIN
Areas
Pretest
Posttest
Listening
75.5333
83.1067
-7.57333
Speaking
80.5467
87.1200
-6.57333
Reading
84.4133
86.7333
-2.32000
Writing
76.3333
85.4400
-9.10667




Wikipedia

Search results

Important Quotes for Teachers

The mediocre teacher tells. The good teacher explains. The superior teacher demonstrates. The great teacher inspires. ~William Arthur Ward. The best teacher is the one who suggests rather than dogmatizes, and inspires his listener with the wish to teach himself. ~Edward Bulwer-Lytton. A teacher's purpose is not to create students in his own image, but to develop students who can create their own image. ~Author Unknown. What the teacher is, is more important than what he teaches. ~Karl Menninger. Teaching should be full of ideas instead of stuffed with facts. ~Author Unknown. The task of the excellent teacher is to stimulate "apparently ordinary" people to unusual effort. The tough problem is not in identifying winners: it is in making winners out of ordinary people. ~K. Patricia Cross

A1campusvideos

A1campusvideos are exclusive videos on and off the campus not only here in the Philippines, but also outside of the country. A1campusvideos cover all types of videos from internal school-related videos to external community-related videos, including hard-core but educational and sui generis videos.

POPULAR POSTS